Tech Note T202-20: Thermal Energy Transfer of Cold-Formed Steel Framing
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Summary: While the concepts of energy conservation and efficiency are not new, the demand for sustainable building is at an all-time high. Energy efficiency, and more specifically thermal energy transfer in steel stud construction, presents the construction team with a clear opportunity for reduction in thermal bridging. Advanced analysis of building thermal simulation through scientific thermal modeling programs illustrates that the construction team has the ability to significantly reduce thermal transfer. Use of cold-formed steel framing with a reduced thermal bridging area, in combination with increased spacing of the framing system provides, among other benefits, a significant and positive impact on thermal performance.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
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Tech Note B009-20: Structural Versus Nonstructural Cold-Formed Steel Framing
Summary: This Tech Note defines structural and non-structural cold-formed steel framing. It lists code definitions that can be used to categorize framing in question.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
Tech Note F101-12: Screws for Cold-Formed Steel-To-Wood and Wood-To-Cold-Formed Steel Attachments
Summary: Screws are often used to attach cold-formed steel (CFS) framing to wood members or wood structural panel decking to CFS joists or rafters. The AISI North American Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members (AISI S100) provides design equations for screw connection capacity for CFS members. The National Design Specification for Wood Construction (NDS) provides design equations for fastener/connection capacity (nails, wood screws, bolts, etc.) in wood members. The Engineered Wood Association (APA) and the building codes offer several resources for determining the capacity of screw connections attaching wood sheathing. This Tech Note reviews these resources and discusses design and detailing of these fastener connections.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
Tech Note G102-09: Designing Cold-Formed Steel using the Direct Strength Method
Summary: The Direct Strength Method is an entirely new design method for cold-formed steel. The Direct Strength Method requires no effective width calculations, eliminates tedious iterations to determine section properties, properly includes interaction effects between elements of the cross-section such as the flange and the web, and opens up the potential to create new sections as it is applicable to nearly any shape that can be formed from cold-formed steel, as opposed to just C, Z and hat shapes. The Direct Strength Method was first adopted in 2004 as Appendix 1 to the North American Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members, and the most recent version can be found in the recently published AISI-S100-07. This CFSEI Technical Note introduces the Direct Strength Method and details some of the features of a recently published AISI Design Guide for this Method. The intent of this Tech Note and the Guide is to provide engineers with practical guidance in the application of this new design method.
Note: This document was originally published as G100-09, Corrected to G102-09 in April 2011
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
Tech Note 562-22: Powder-Actuated Fasteners in Cold-Formed Steel Construction
Summary: Power-actuated fasteners (PAF’s) are industry standard for attachment of cold-formed steel (CFS) steel framing members, usually track, to concrete, CMU or steel structural elements. “Power-actuated” is the broad category used to refer to fasteners which are driven directly through the CFS and into the substrate, using a powder, gas, compressed air or electro-mechanically driven tool. Efficient installation of framing systems is greatly enhanced by the use of PAF’s. For CFS-to-steel applications, the specification AISI S100 addresses all relevant limit states with equations and safety/ resistance factors. For CFS-to-concrete, limited guidance is provided but not all limit states are covered. This technical note will provide design guidance based on AISI S100, as well as installation and good detailing practice.
This Technical Note updates and replaces CFSEI Technical Note 562
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
Tech Note G801-13: ASTM A1003 – No Cause for Rejection
Summary: Building codes and design standards that reference ASTM International (ASTM) A1003 standard for cold-formed steel framing products have the potential to cause confusion and project delays for those who are unfamiliar with the requirements of this new material standard. This Technical Note, first published in 2008, provides a comparison of the requirements of A1003 with the more familiar standards traditionally used for cold-formed steel framing products, and demonstrates that steel ordered or furnished to the old standards should be no cause for rejection. The 2013 revision references a change to the requirements of ASTM A1003 regarding material thickness when ordering or supplying steel sheet.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
Tech Note G200-21: Chase the Loads: Load Path Considerations for Cold-Formed Steel Light-Frame Construction
Summary: Engineering students are admonished to “chase the loads” in their structural analysis and design courses. A “load path” is the direction in which each consecutive load will pass through framing members and the connected members of a framing assembly. The load path sequence begins at the point of load application, both vertical (gravity, wind uplift or seismic vertical) and lateral, on the structure and works all the way down to the footing or foundation system, ultimately transferring the load of the structure to the foundation. This Tech Note provides insight into the load path considerations for cold-formed steel framing.
This Technical Note updates and replaces CFSEI Technical Note G200-15
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
Tech Note F602-20: Screw Connections with Other Materials or Gaps Between the Plies
Summary: Screws are the most common connection type for connecting cold-formed steel members to one another. It is also common for gaps to be provided between members in the form of other materials such as gypsum or insulation, but unfortunately, the current standards do not provide clear direction for the design of screwed connections with gaps in the material. This Tech Note will summarize available test data and propose design guidance based on the available test data.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.