Tech Note W101-23: Common Design Issues for Deflection Track
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This Tech Note Updates and Replaces Tech Note W101-09
Summary: When cold-formed steel studs are used on exterior walls between spandrel beams or floor slabs to create the exterior envelope of the building, a deflection track is often required at the top of the wall to allow for the roof or floor above to deflect without transferring axial load to the studs. This Technical Note explores two methods for deflection track usage. Additional design guidance is provided in CFSEI Tech Note W100, Single Slip Track.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
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Tech Note B001-20: How Cold-Formed Steel Framing is Produced
Summary: Cold-formed steel seems like a fairly simple product when you are holding it in your hand, but as you can see, there are many production steps involving things like mining iron ore out of the ground, creating molten steel, furnaces above 2,000°F, reduction mills imparting forces in excess of 100,000 pounds per square inch, and hydrochloric acid cleaning baths before it even reaches the roll forming stage. This Tech Note has provided a basic outline of the processes involved in producing the products you work with daily, be it manufacturing, drafting, designing, engineering, installing or demolishing a building at the end of its life cycle.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
Tech Note F501-11: Cold-Formed Steel Truss To Bearing Connections
Summary: This Technical Note is intended as general educational information and to highlight what the building designer should be aware of with regard to truss to bearing connections. Topics addressed include what loads due to wind truss to bearing connections may have to resist, who is ultimately responsible for truss to bearing connection design, general guidance on the design of truss to bearing connections, and an illustrative design example. Loads due to seismic forces are not addressed in this Technical Note.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
Tech Note B010-21: Introduction to AISI S202, Code of Standard Practice for Cold-Formed Steel Structural Framing
Summary: Understanding the responsibilities of the different parties involved in a cold-formed steel framing project can be confusing. This Technical Note is an introduction to AISI S202, Code of Standard Practice for Cold-Formed Steel Structural Framing published by the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI).
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
Tech Note F101-12: Screws for Cold-Formed Steel-To-Wood and Wood-To-Cold-Formed Steel Attachments
Summary: Screws are often used to attach cold-formed steel (CFS) framing to wood members or wood structural panel decking to CFS joists or rafters. The AISI North American Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members (AISI S100) provides design equations for screw connection capacity for CFS members. The National Design Specification for Wood Construction (NDS) provides design equations for fastener/connection capacity (nails, wood screws, bolts, etc.) in wood members. The Engineered Wood Association (APA) and the building codes offer several resources for determining the capacity of screw connections attaching wood sheathing. This Tech Note reviews these resources and discusses design and detailing of these fastener connections.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
Tech Note B003-20: Introduction to Building Codes
Summary: The International Code Council develops a suite of building codes that are considered nationally to be the model codes for the building industry. Local jurisdictions adopt, and in some cases amend, the codes and they become the law of the jurisdiction for building design and construction. The adopted building codes are intended to provide minimum requirements to provide a safe building environment. Among other requirements, the code dictates the maximum allowable size of a building based on its intended use, materials used in construction, fire resistance rating of structural elements, and the presence of automatic sprinkler systems. The International Building Code establishes all design loads to be applied to the building or structure. The building code also relies on references to other standards and specifications to ensure the provisions reflect the current industry practice. For cold-formed steel framing, the IBC references the American Iron and Steel Institute’s suite of framing standards as the accepted design methods and procedures.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
Tech Note B009-20: Structural Versus Nonstructural Cold-Formed Steel Framing
Summary: This Tech Note defines structural and non-structural cold-formed steel framing. It lists code definitions that can be used to categorize framing in question.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
Tech Note G101-08: Design Aids and Examples for Distortional Buckling
Summary: The objective of this Tech Note is to provide design examples and design aids specific to cold-formed steel framing systems that address the new distortional buckling limit states added to AISI-S100 in the 2007 edition. In addition, a method is provided for including rotational restraint, provided by sheathing to members, in the design calculations for distortional buckling. This method has been proposed for the next edition of AISI-S210 (floors and roofs) and AISI-S211 (walls studs) standards and partially mitigates the reduced capacity in the distortional buckling limit state.
Note: This document was originally published as G100-08, corrected to G101-08 in April 2011.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
Tech Note B008-20: Basic C-Shaped Wall Stud Behavior
Summary: Although cold-formed steel framing shares some limit states with hot-rolled steel, cold-formed steel framing and specifically C-Shaped studs exhibit unique behaviors when subjected to various loading conditions. This Tech Note gives an overview of those unique behaviors that need to be considered when designing C-Shaped cold-formed steel members.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.