Tech Note W200-23: Header Design
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This Tech Note Updates and Replaces Tech Note W200-09
Summary: AISI S240, North American Standard for Cold-Formed Steel Structural Framing provides provisions needed to design headers over door and window openings in buildings. AISI S240 Section B3.3 – Header Design reflects the appropriate design procedures for back-to-back headers, box headers, and Single, Double and Inverted L-headers subject to gravity loads or wind uplift loads. This Technical Note provides additional recommendations and design examples intended to supplement the AISI S240 header provisions.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
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Tech Note B001-20: How Cold-Formed Steel Framing is Produced
Summary: Cold-formed steel seems like a fairly simple product when you are holding it in your hand, but as you can see, there are many production steps involving things like mining iron ore out of the ground, creating molten steel, furnaces above 2,000°F, reduction mills imparting forces in excess of 100,000 pounds per square inch, and hydrochloric acid cleaning baths before it even reaches the roll forming stage. This Tech Note has provided a basic outline of the processes involved in producing the products you work with daily, be it manufacturing, drafting, designing, engineering, installing or demolishing a building at the end of its life cycle.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
Tech Note B007-20: General Considerations for Cold-Formed-Steel Connections
Summary: Cold-formed steel (CFS) connections present unique design challenges to consider due to the thickness of the steel. Connections with thin steel materials behave differently than connections with thicker hot-rolled steel materials and are prone to unique limit states. This Technical Note is an introduction to typical CFS connection design issues as defined by common limit states.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
Tech Note B005-20: Introduction to Cold-Formed Steel Framing Design Aids
Summary: Both steel industry and manufacturers’ associations provide design aids that assist engineers with the proper application of the cold-formed steel design challenges. Design examples and design aids are essential to educate an engineer in the proper use and design of cold-formed steel members, connections and assemblies. This Tech Note provides an overview of some of the available cold-formed steel framing design aids.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
Tech Note B003-20: Introduction to Building Codes
Summary: The International Code Council develops a suite of building codes that are considered nationally to be the model codes for the building industry. Local jurisdictions adopt, and in some cases amend, the codes and they become the law of the jurisdiction for building design and construction. The adopted building codes are intended to provide minimum requirements to provide a safe building environment. Among other requirements, the code dictates the maximum allowable size of a building based on its intended use, materials used in construction, fire resistance rating of structural elements, and the presence of automatic sprinkler systems. The International Building Code establishes all design loads to be applied to the building or structure. The building code also relies on references to other standards and specifications to ensure the provisions reflect the current industry practice. For cold-formed steel framing, the IBC references the American Iron and Steel Institute’s suite of framing standards as the accepted design methods and procedures.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
Tech Note B006-20: Introduction to Evaluation Services and Explanation of Evaluation Reports
Summary: Evaluation reports act as a bridge between authorities having jurisdiction (AHJs) and manufacturers in conveying specific information on building products and systems relative to compliance to codes and standards. When an evaluation report is made available and determined as supporting the product’s use in projects, approval of the code official should be solicited. After such approval is attained, the design and installation details given in the report need to be observed and the labeling of the actual product needs to match the description provided in the evaluation report.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
Tech Note F102-21: Screw Fastener Selection For Cold-Formed Steel Frame Construction
This Technical Note updates and replaces CFSEI Tech Note F102-11
Summary: Specifying the proper fastener is necessary to assure the proper performance of the connections used in cold-formed steel construction. Cold-formed steel connections primarily utilize externally threaded fasteners, so embedment is not the controlling parameter. Instead, the design of the fastener along with the thickness of the steel govern the value of the connection. This Tech Note provides basic information for determining the appropriate screw type for various applications.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
Tech Note B002-20: How Cold-Formed Steel is Used in Building Construction
Summary: Cold-formed steel framing is used in numerous applications across the building industry. The purpose of this Technical Note is to provide a general overview of common cold-formed steel shapes and various applications in which they are used.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
Tech Note F501-11: Cold-Formed Steel Truss To Bearing Connections
Summary: This Technical Note is intended as general educational information and to highlight what the building designer should be aware of with regard to truss to bearing connections. Topics addressed include what loads due to wind truss to bearing connections may have to resist, who is ultimately responsible for truss to bearing connection design, general guidance on the design of truss to bearing connections, and an illustrative design example. Loads due to seismic forces are not addressed in this Technical Note.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.