Tech Note L200-09: Roof Framing Anchorage Forces: MWFRS or C&C
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Summary: This Technical Note defines the two levels of force and discusses the effects of using Component and Cladding (C&C) loads versus Main Wind Force Resisting System (MWFRS) calculated uplift loads. Design examples are provided to indicate the difference in roof-to-wall anchorage force for either type of load. Mainstream reference standards and quotes from field experts are cited when discussing the appropriate levels for calculating the uplift forces.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
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Tech Note F101-12: Screws for Cold-Formed Steel-To-Wood and Wood-To-Cold-Formed Steel Attachments
Summary: Screws are often used to attach cold-formed steel (CFS) framing to wood members or wood structural panel decking to CFS joists or rafters. The AISI North American Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members (AISI S100) provides design equations for screw connection capacity for CFS members. The National Design Specification for Wood Construction (NDS) provides design equations for fastener/connection capacity (nails, wood screws, bolts, etc.) in wood members. The Engineered Wood Association (APA) and the building codes offer several resources for determining the capacity of screw connections attaching wood sheathing. This Tech Note reviews these resources and discusses design and detailing of these fastener connections.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
Tech Note 559: Design Considerations for Flexural and Lateral-Torsional Bracing
Summary: Load bearing cold-formed/light gauge steel (CFS/LGS) framed walls are typically designed for a combination of axial and lateral out-of-plane (flexural) loading. Under this loading condition, common C-section studs may be susceptible to local, torsional, flexural, torsional-flexural, lateral-torsional or distortional buckling. The response performance of the stud depends on a number of parameters most notably how it is supported along its length (including its ends), the relative magnitudes of the applied loads and the distribution of these loads. This Technical Note discusses the behavior of the typical wall stud and provides some practical considerations for design of torsional-flexural and lateral-torsional bracing. Recommendations and considerations suggested in this technical note are done in accordance with acceptable practices and existing design documents.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
Tech Note 551e: Design Guide: Permanent Bracing of Cold-Formed Steel Trusses
Summary: Prefabricated and site fabricated cold-formed steel trusses have proven to be efficient and structurally-sound roof structures. While roof trusses are the major component of the structural roof system, permanent bracing is also required to complete the system and ensure that it performs as designed. In this Tech Note, the basic requirements and design parameters for permanent bracing of cold-formed steel roof systems will be reviewed.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
Tech Note F602-20: Screw Connections with Other Materials or Gaps Between the Plies
Summary: Screws are the most common connection type for connecting cold-formed steel members to one another. It is also common for gaps to be provided between members in the form of other materials such as gypsum or insulation, but unfortunately, the current standards do not provide clear direction for the design of screwed connections with gaps in the material. This Tech Note will summarize available test data and propose design guidance based on the available test data.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
Tech Note B007-20: General Considerations for Cold-Formed-Steel Connections
Summary: Cold-formed steel (CFS) connections present unique design challenges to consider due to the thickness of the steel. Connections with thin steel materials behave differently than connections with thicker hot-rolled steel materials and are prone to unique limit states. This Technical Note is an introduction to typical CFS connection design issues as defined by common limit states.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
Tech Note B001-20: How Cold-Formed Steel Framing is Produced
Summary: Cold-formed steel seems like a fairly simple product when you are holding it in your hand, but as you can see, there are many production steps involving things like mining iron ore out of the ground, creating molten steel, furnaces above 2,000°F, reduction mills imparting forces in excess of 100,000 pounds per square inch, and hydrochloric acid cleaning baths before it even reaches the roll forming stage. This Tech Note has provided a basic outline of the processes involved in producing the products you work with daily, be it manufacturing, drafting, designing, engineering, installing or demolishing a building at the end of its life cycle.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
Tech Note B010-21: Introduction to AISI S202, Code of Standard Practice for Cold-Formed Steel Structural Framing
Summary: Understanding the responsibilities of the different parties involved in a cold-formed steel framing project can be confusing. This Technical Note is an introduction to AISI S202, Code of Standard Practice for Cold-Formed Steel Structural Framing published by the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI).
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
Tech Note F140-16: Welding Cold-Formed Steel
Summary: In cold-formed steel construction, welding is a viable connection method. Of the various forms of welding, arc welding is most commonly used to join both cold-formed steel members and hardware components. Prefabrication of roof trusses, panelization of walls, and hardware connections are all ideal applications where welding may be the preferred joining method. This Tech Note provides information on the applicable codes, processes, procedures, design considerations, fabrication and inspection.
This Technical Note updates and replaces CFSEI Technical Note F140-10
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.