Tech Note L400-25: Non-Bearing Lateral Force Resisting Systems
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Summary: Cold-formed steel (CFS) lateral systems are commonly used in bearing wall systems buildings, but non-bearing CFS lateral force resisting systems are non-standard applications that fall outside of ASCE/SEI 7, Minimum Design Loads and Associated Criteria for Buildings and Other Structures, design criteria, and pose significant challenges for design and construction. These walls can offer lateral load resistance but come with limitations that require intensive detailing. Specifiers and designers must understand these systems performance, limitations, and detailing options for proper force transfer. This Tech Note covers the limitations, alternative solutions to avoid the unnecessary use of non-bearing lateral force resisting systems, and critical detailing practices when they are used.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
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Tech Note W200-23: Header Design
This Tech Note Updates and Replaces Tech Note W200-09
Summary: AISI S240, North American Standard for Cold-Formed Steel Structural Framing provides provisions needed to design headers over door and window openings in buildings. AISI S240 Section B3.3 – Header Design reflects the appropriate design procedures for back-to-back headers, box headers, and Single, Double and Inverted L-headers subject to gravity loads or wind uplift loads. This Technical Note provides additional recommendations and design examples intended to supplement the AISI S240 header provisions.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
Tech Note G900-23: Design Methodology for Hole Reinforcement of Cold-Formed Steel Bending Members
This Tech Note Updates and Replaces Tech Note G900-15
Summary: The AISI S100, North American Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members does not provide guidelines for the reinforcement of holes in cold-formed steel members. This Technical Note provides a methodology for engineering a reinforcement solution.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
Tech Note 558b-1: Lateral Load Resisting Elements: Diaphragm Design Values
Archived with cover page Nov. 2011
Summary: This note was archived November, 2011. The author has developed ASD design tables using an analytical method for wood framing based on the provisions of the 1991 edition of the AFPA National Design Specification for Wood Construction. Additional research is needed to bring the data in line with current codes and standards. The data below is from commentary section D2.1 of American Iron and Steel Institute AISI 213, Standard for Cold-Formed Steel Framing – Lateral Design.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
Tech Note 551e: Design Guide: Permanent Bracing of Cold-Formed Steel Trusses
Summary: Prefabricated and site fabricated cold-formed steel trusses have proven to be efficient and structurally-sound roof structures. While roof trusses are the major component of the structural roof system, permanent bracing is also required to complete the system and ensure that it performs as designed. In this Tech Note, the basic requirements and design parameters for permanent bracing of cold-formed steel roof systems will be reviewed.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
Tech Note T201-20: Firestops in Head-of-Wall Joints for Cold-Formed Steel Construction
Summary: The selection of fire-resistive joint systems is aided by an abundance of listed options. This same abundance can make it difficult to find the fire-resistive joint system that not only meets project requirements but also the most project-friendly. Firestop manufacturers conduct training programs for installing contractors, architects, building officials, and others who would like to learn more about fire-resistive systems. Specialty firestop contractors can help with understanding project-specific opportunities. Both UL and FM offer certification programs for firestop contractors to help ensure consistency across the industry. Moreover, it is important to note whether a project will require special inspection of firestops systems. For example, 2018 IBC, Section 1705.17, lists requirements for special inspection of firestops in certain high-rise buildings. There are companies that focus on offering special inspection services. For recommendations or further learnings, please contact your firestop provider. The firestop industry is focused on improving life safety in the built environment through improved passive fire protection.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
Tech Note L200-09: Roof Framing Anchorage Forces: MWFRS or C&C
Summary: This Technical Note defines the two levels of force and discusses the effects of using Component and Cladding (C&C) loads versus Main Wind Force Resisting System (MWFRS) calculated uplift loads. Design examples are provided to indicate the difference in roof-to-wall anchorage force for either type of load. Mainstream reference standards and quotes from field experts are cited when discussing the appropriate levels for calculating the uplift forces.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
Tech Note S300-21: Coordinating Cold-Formed with Metal Buildings
Summary: This Technical Note presents a discussion of both the design responsibilities and the need for coordination when integrating field-framed, i.e., stick-built, cold-formed steel (CFS) framing with a metal building system. Important potential coordination topics connection details and design concepts are highlighted.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.
Tech Note F101-12: Screws for Cold-Formed Steel-To-Wood and Wood-To-Cold-Formed Steel Attachments
Summary: Screws are often used to attach cold-formed steel (CFS) framing to wood members or wood structural panel decking to CFS joists or rafters. The AISI North American Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members (AISI S100) provides design equations for screw connection capacity for CFS members. The National Design Specification for Wood Construction (NDS) provides design equations for fastener/connection capacity (nails, wood screws, bolts, etc.) in wood members. The Engineered Wood Association (APA) and the building codes offer several resources for determining the capacity of screw connections attaching wood sheathing. This Tech Note reviews these resources and discusses design and detailing of these fastener connections.
Disclaimer: Designs cited herein are not intended to preclude the use of other materials, assemblies, structures or designs when these other designs demonstrate equivalent performance for the intended use. CFSEI documents are not intended to exclude the use and implementation of any other design or construction technique.